arXiv · 0710.0960
We describe the statistics of checkerboard triangulations obtained by colouring black every other triangle in triangulations of convex polygons.
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Roland Bacher. 2007-10-04. Fair Triangulations. https://arxiv.org/abs/0710.0960
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We study the extremal problem that relates the spectral radius $λ(G)$ of an $F$-free graph $G$ to its number of edges. Firstly, we prove that for any graph $F$ with chromatic number $χ(F)=r+1\ge 3$, if $G$ is an $F$-free graph with $m$ edges, then $λ^2(G)\le {(1-\frac{1}{r} + o(1))2m}$. This provides a unified extension of both the Erdős-Stone-Simonovits theorem and its vertex-spectral extension due to Nikiforov, and confirms a conjecture proposed by Li, Liu and Feng. We also establish the corresponding edge-spectral stability, showing that if $G$ is an $F$-free graph with $m$ edges with $λ^2(G) \ge (1- \frac{1}{r} - o(1))2m$, then $G$ differs from a complete bipartite graph by $o(m)$ edges when $r=2$, and $G$ differs from an $r$-partite Turán graph by $o(m)$ edges when $r\ge 3$. This extends both the classical Erdős-Simonovits stability and the Nikiforov vertex-spectral stability. This edge-spectral stability theorem is the key ingredient in our companion work on the Brualdi-Hoffman-Turán problem for color-critical forbidden graphs. As an application of our method, we improve a result of Zhai, Lin and Shu by showing that if $λ(G)>\sqrt{m}$, then there exist two vertices in $G$ that have at least $\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{m} - O(1)$ common neighbors. The constant $\frac{1}{2}$ is best possible as witnessed by a random construction.