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arXiv · 0807.3394

Advanced action in classical electrodynamics

A. D. Boozer
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Abstract

The time evolution of a charged point particle is governed by a second-order integro-differential equation that exhibits advanced effects, in which the particle responds to an external force before the force is applied. In this paper we give a simple physical argument that clarifies the origin and physical meaning of these advanced effects, and we compare ordinary electrodynamics with a toy model of electrodynamics in which advanced effects do not occur.

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A. D. Boozer. 2008-07-22. Advanced action in classical electrodynamics. https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/41/42/425202

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