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arXiv · 0809.4332

From one solution of a 3-satisfiability formula to a solution cluster: Frozen variables and entropy

Kang Li·Hui Ma·Haijun Zhou
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Abstract

A solution to a 3-satisfiability (3-SAT) formula can be expanded into a cluster, all other solutions of which are reachable from this one through a sequence of single-spin flips. Some variables in the solution cluster are frozen to the same spin values by one of two different mechanisms: frozen-core formation and long-range frustrations. While frozen cores are identified by a local whitening algorithm, long-range frustrations are very difficult to trace, and they make an entropic belief-propagation (BP) algorithm fail to converge. For BP to reach a fixed point the spin values of a tiny fraction of variables (chosen according to the whitening algorithm) are externally fixed during the iteration. From the calculated entropy values, we infer that, for a large random 3-SAT formula with constraint density close to the satisfiability threshold, the solutions obtained by the survey-propagation or the walksat algorithm belong neither to the most dominating clusters of the formula nor to the most abundant clusters. This work indicates that a single solution cluster of a random 3-SAT formula may have further community structures.

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Kang Li, Hui Ma, Haijun Zhou. 2009-03-17. From one solution of a 3-satisfiability formula to a solution cluster: Frozen variables and entropy. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.79.031102

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