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arXiv · 0912.5379

Distortion of Interference Fringes and the Resulting Vortex Production of Merging Bose-Einstein Condensates

Bo Xiong·Tao Yang·Keith A. Benedict
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Abstract

We investigate the effects of interatomic interactions and expansion on the distortion of interference fringes of a pair of initially well-separated, but coherent, condensate clouds trapped in a harmonic trap. The distortion of interference fringes, which can lead to the spontaneous formation of vortices in the atom clouds, depends crucially on two relevant parameters: the center-of-mass velocity and peak density of the initial state. We identify three qualitatively distinct regimes for the interfering condensates: collision, expansion, and merging, by the spatial and temporal features of the fringe spacings. Using a comprehensive set of numerical simulations based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we specify the cross-overs between these regimes and propose the optimal the system parameters required for dynamical instabilities and vortex creation.

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Bo Xiong, Tao Yang, Keith A. Benedict. 2013-08-01. Distortion of Interference Fringes and the Resulting Vortex Production of Merging Bose-Einstein Condensates. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.88.043602

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