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arXiv · 1011.5981

Nucleation of vacuum bubbles in Brans-Dicke type theory

Hongsu Kim·Bum-Hoon Lee·Wonwoo Lee·Young Jae Lee·Dong-han Yeom
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Abstract

In this paper, we explore the nucleation of vacuum bubbles in the Brans-Dicke type theory of gravity. In the Euclidean signature, we evaluate the fields at the vacuum bubbles as solutions of the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion as well as the bubble nucleation probabilities by integrating the Euclidean action. We illustrate three possible ways to obtain vacuum bubbles: true vacuum bubbles for ω>-3/2, false vacuum bubbles for ω<-3/2, and false vacuum bubbles for ω>-3/2 when the vacuum energy of the false vacuum in the potential of the Einstein frame is less than that of the true vacuum. After the bubble is nucleated at the t=0 surface, we can smoothly interpolate the field combinations to some solutions in the Lorentzian signature and consistently continue their subsequent evolutions. Therefore, we conclude that, in general scalar-tensor theories like this Brans-Dicke type theories, which may include and represent certain features of string theory, vacuum bubbles come in false vacuum bubbles as well as in true vacuum bubbles, as long as a special condition is assumed on the potential.

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Hongsu Kim, Bum-Hoon Lee, Wonwoo Lee, Young Jae Lee, Dong-han Yeom. 2011-07-19. Nucleation of vacuum bubbles in Brans-Dicke type theory. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.84.023519

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