Observation of two Andreev-like energy scales in $La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_4$ superconductor/normal-metal/superconductor junctions

Abstract

Conductance spectra measurements of highly transparent ramp-type junctions made of superconducting $La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_4$ electrodes and non superconducting $La_{1.65}Sr_{0.35}CuO_4$ barrier are reported. At low temperatures below $T_c$, these junctions have two prominent Andreev-like conductance peaks with clear steps at energies $Δ_1$ and $Δ_2$ with $Δ_2 > 2Δ_1$. No such peaks appear above $T_c$. The doping dependence at 2 K shows that both $Δ_1$ and $Δ_2$ scale roughly as $T_c$. $Δ_1$ is identified as the superconducting energy gap, while a few scenarios are proposed as for the origin of $Δ_2$.