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arXiv · 1202.1521

The holographic spectral function in non-equilibrium states

Souvik Banerjee·Ramakrishnan Iyer·Ayan Mukhopadhyay
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Abstract

We develop holographic prescriptions for obtaining spectral functions in non-equilibrium states and space-time dependent non-equilibrium shifts in the energy and spin of quasi-particle like excitations. We reproduce strongly coupled versions of aspects of non-equilibrium dynamics of Fermi surfaces in Landau's Fermi-liquid theory. We find that the incoming wave boundary condition at the horizon does not suffice to obtain a well-defined perturbative expansion for non-equilibrium observables. Our prescription, based on analysis of regularity at the horizon, allows such a perturbative expansion to be achieved nevertheless and can be precisely formulated in a universal manner independent of the non-equilibrium state, provided the state thermalizes. We also find that the non-equilibrium spectral function furnishes information about the relaxation modes of the system. Along the way, we argue that in a typical non-supersymmetric theory with a gravity dual, there may exist a window of temperature and chemical potential at large N, in which a generic non-equilibrium state can be characterized by just a finitely few operators with low scaling dimensions, even far away from the hydrodynamic limit.

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Souvik Banerjee, Ramakrishnan Iyer, Ayan Mukhopadhyay. 2012-04-18. The holographic spectral function in non-equilibrium states. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.106009

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