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arXiv · 1204.3177

Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates

Takuto Kawakami·Takeshi Mizushima·Muneto Nitta·Kazushige Machida
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Abstract

We demonstrate that the three-dimensional Skyrmion, which has remained elusive so far, spontaneously appears as the ground state of $SU$(2) symmetric Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with a non-Abelian gauge field. The gauge field is a three-dimensional analogue of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Upon squashing the SO(3) symmetric gauge field to one- or two-dimensional shapes, we find that the ground state continuously undergoes a change from a three-dimensional to a one- or two-dimensional Skyrmion, which is identified by estimating winding numbers and helicity. All of the emerged Skyrmions are physically understandable with the concept of the helical modulation in a unified way. These topological objects might potentially be realizable in two-component BECs experimentally.

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Takuto Kawakami, Takeshi Mizushima, Muneto Nitta, Kazushige Machida. 2012-04-14. Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.015301

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