On variational problems related to steepest descent curves and self dual convex sets on the sphere

Abstract

Let $\mathcal{C}$ be the family of compact convex subsets $S$ of the hemisphere in $\rn$ with the property that $S$ contains its dual $S^*;$ let $u\in S^*$, and let $ Φ(S,u)=\frac{2}{ω_n}\int_{S}\ < θ, u \ > \,\, dσ(θ). $ The problem to study $ \inf \big\{Φ(S,u), S \in \mathcal{C}, \, u\in S^* \big\} $ is considered. It is proved that the minima of $ Φ$ are sets of constant width $ π/2 $ with $ u $ on their boundary. More can be said for $n=3$: the minimum set is a Reuleaux triangle on the sphere. The previous problem is related to the one to find the maximal length of steepest descent curves for quasi convex functions, satisfying suitable constraints. For $ n=2 $ let us refer to \cite{Manselli-Pucci}. Here quite different results are obtained for $ n\geq 3$.