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arXiv · 1311.1825

Competing regimes of motion in 1D mobile impurities

Adrian Kantian·Ulrich Schollwöck·Thierry Giamarchi
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Abstract

We show that a distinguishable mobile impurity inside a one-dimensional many-body state at zero temperature generally does not behave like a quasiparticle (QP). Instead, both the impurities dynamics as well as the ground state of the bath are fundamentally transformed by a diverging number of zero-energy excitations being generated, leading to what we call infrared-dominated (ID) dynamics. Combining analytics and DMRG numerics we provide a general formula for the power law governing ID dynamics at zero momentum, discuss a threshold beyond which quasiparticle dynamics may occur again, and study the competition between the ID and quasiparticle universality classes at larger impurity momenta.

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Adrian Kantian, Ulrich Schollwöck, Thierry Giamarchi. 2013-11-07. Competing regimes of motion in 1D mobile impurities. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.113.070601

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