Elementary proof that $\mathbb Z_p^4$ is a DCI-group

Abstract

A finite group $R$ is a DCI-group if, whenever $S$ and $T$ are subsets of $R$ with the Cayley graphs ${\rm Cay}(R,S)$ and ${\rm Cay}(R,T)$ isomorphic, there exists an automorphism $φ$ of $R$ with $S^φ=T$. Elementary abelian groups of order $p^4$ or smaller are known to be DCI-groups, while those of sufficiently large rank are known not to be DCI-groups. The only published proof that elementary abelian groups of order $p^4$ are DCI-groups uses Schur rings and does not work for $p=2$ (which has been separately proven using computers). This paper provides a simpler proof that works for all primes. Some of the results in this paper also apply to elementary abelian groups of higher rank, so may be useful for completing our determination of which elementary abelian groups are DCI-groups.