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arXiv · 1409.3417

Nanophotonic hybridization of narrow atomic cesium resonances and photonic stop gaps of opaline nanostructures

Philip J. Harding·Pepijn W. H. Pinkse·Allard P. Mosk·Willem L. Vos
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Abstract

We study a hybrid system consisting of a narrowband atomic optical resonance and the long-range periodic order of an opaline photonic nanostructure. To this end, we have infiltrated atomic cesium vapor in a thin silica opal photonic crystal. With increasing temperature, the frequencies of the opal's reflectivity peaks shift down by >20% due to chemical reduction of the silica. Simultaneously, the photonic bands and gaps shift relative to the fixed near-infrared cesium D1 transitions. As a result the narrow atomic resonances with high finesse (f/df=8E5) dramatically change shape from a usual dispersive shape at the blue edge of a stop gap, to an inverted dispersion lineshape at the red edge of a stop gap. The lineshape, amplitude, and off-resonance reflectivity are well modeled with a transfer-matrix model that includes the dispersion and absorption of Cs hyperfine transitions and the chemically-reduced opal. An ensemble of atoms in a photonic crystal is an intriguing hybrid system that features narrow defect-like resonances with a strong dispersion, with potential applications in slow light, sensing and optical memory.

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Philip J. Harding, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, Allard P. Mosk, Willem L. Vos. 2014-09-11. Nanophotonic hybridization of narrow atomic cesium resonances and photonic stop gaps of opaline nanostructures. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.91.045123

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