Constraining the redshift evolution of the Cosmic Microwave Background black-body temperature with PLANCK data

Abstract

We constrain the deviation of adiabatic evolution of the Universe using the data on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies measured by the {\it Planck} satellite and a sample of 481 X-ray selected clusters with spectroscopically measured redshifts. To avoid antenna beam effects, we bring all the maps to the same resolution. We use a CMB template to subtract the cosmological signal while preserving the Thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (TSZ) anisotropies; next, we remove galactic foreground emissions around each cluster and we mask out all known point sources. If the CMB black-body temperature scales with redshift as $T(z)=T_0(1+z)^{1-\alpha}$, we constrain deviations of adiabatic evolution to be $\alpha=-0.007\pm 0.013$, consistent with the temperature-redshift relation of the standard cosmological model. This result could suffer from a potential bias $\delta\alpha$ associated with the CMB template, that we quantify it to be $|\delta\alpha|\le 0.02$ and with the same sign than the measured value of $\alpha$, but is free from those biases associated with using TSZ selected clusters; it represents the best constraint to date of the temperature-redshift relation of the Big-Bang model using only CMB data, confirming previous results.