Attractive Hubbard Model: Homogeneous Ginzburg - Landau Expansion and Disorder

Abstract

We derive Ginzburg - Landau (GL) expansion in disordered attractive Hubbard model within the combined Nozieres - Schmitt-Rink and DMFT+Sigma approximation. Restricting ourselves to the case of homogeneous expansion, we analyze disorder dependence of GL expansion coefficients on disorder for the wide range of attractive potentials U, from weak BCS coupling region to the strong coupling limit, where superconductivity is described by Bose - Einstein condensation (BEC) of preformed Cooper pairs. We show, that for the case of semi - elliptic "bare" density of states of conduction band, disorder influence on GL coefficients A and B before quadratic and fourth -- order terms of the order parameter, as well as on the specific heat discontinuity at superconducting transition, is of universal nature at any strength of attractive interaction and is related only to the general widening of the conduction band by disorder. In general, disorder growth increases the values of coefficients A and B, leading either to the suppression of specific heat discontinuity (in the weak coupling limit), or to its significant growth (in the strong coupling region). However, this behavior actually confirms the validity of the generalized Anderson theorem, as disorder dependence of superconducting critical temperature T_c, is also controlled only by disorder widening of conduction band (density of states).