Sufficient Dimension Reduction and Modeling Responses Conditioned on Covariates: An Integrated Approach via Convex Optimization

Abstract

Given observations of a collection of covariates and responses $(Y, X) \in \mathbb{R}^p \times \mathbb{R}^q$, sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) techniques aim to identify a mapping $f: \mathbb{R}^q \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^k$ with $k \ll q$ such that $Y|f(X)$ is independent of $X$. The image $f(X)$ summarizes the relevant information in a potentially large number of covariates $X$ that influence the responses $Y$. In many contemporary settings, the number of responses $p$ is also quite large, in addition to a large number $q$ of covariates. This leads to the challenge of fitting a succinctly parameterized statistical model to $Y|f(X)$, which is a problem that is usually not addressed in a traditional SDR framework. In this paper, we present a computationally tractable convex relaxation based estimator for simultaneously (a) identifying a linear dimension reduction $f(X)$ of the covariates that is sufficient with respect to the responses, and (b) fitting several types of structured low-dimensional models -- factor models, graphical models, latent-variable graphical models -- to the conditional distribution of $Y|f(X)$. We analyze the consistency properties of our estimator in a high-dimensional scaling regime. We also illustrate the performance of our approach on a newsgroup dataset and on a dataset consisting of financial asset prices.