Tensor Product Multiplicities via Upper Cluster Algebras

Abstract

For each valued quiver $Q$ of Dynkin type, we construct a valued ice quiver $\Delta_Q^2$. Let $G$ be a simple connected Lie group with Dynkin diagram the underlying valued graph of $Q$. The upper cluster algebra of $\Delta_Q^2$ is graded by the triple dominant weights $(\mu,\nu,\lambda)$ of $G$. We prove that when $G$ is simply-laced, the dimension of each graded component counts the tensor multiplicity $c_{\mu,\nu}^\lambda$. We conjecture that this is also true if $G$ is not simply-laced, and sketch a possible approach. Using this construction, we improve Berenstein-Zelevinsky's model, or in some sense generalize Knutson-Tao's hive model in type $A$.