SearcharxivSearch

arXiv · 1605.07275

The free tangent structure

Abstract

At the heart of differential geometry is the construction of the tangent bundle of a manifold. There are various abstractions of this construction, and this paper seeks to compare two of them: Synthetic Differential Geometry (SDG) and Tangent Structures. Tangent structure is defined via giving an underlying category M and a tangent functor T along with a list of natural transformations satisfying a set of axioms, then detailing the behaviour of T in the category End(M). SDG on the other hand is defined through the use of Weil algebras. The aim of this paper is to present a more precise relationship between the two approaches for describing tangent structures.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Poon Leung. 2016-05-24. The free tangent structure. https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.07275

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

A model structure for cartesian 2-fibrations

Cartesian 2-fibrations provide a way to understand indexed categories, but their classical ``straightening'' construction requires several layers of weak coherence data. This paper develops a homotopical framework that replaces much of this bookkeeping with a fully strict model. By using marked 2-categories to record the cartesian morphisms and 2-cells, we construct a model structure whose fibrant objects are precisely the cartesian 2-fibrations over a fixed 2-category $\mathcal{C}$. We then show that the marked Grothendieck construction identifies these 2-fibrations, up to weak equivalence, with strict 2-functors from $\mathcal{C}$ into $2\mathrm{Cat}$. As an additional contribution, we construct localizations of 2-categories that simultaneously invert selected morphisms and 2-cells.

math.CT

A Natural Fuzzy Order on Fuzzy Numbers

This paper introduces a natural fuzzy order on fuzzy numbers that extends the natural orders on real numbers and interval numbers. We investigate its completeness properties and show that the space of uniformly bounded fuzzy numbers is conically complete and conically cocomplete, and that it is complete if and only if the underlying continuous t-norm is the G\"odel t-norm. Moreover, it is proved that this space constitutes a \([0,1]\)-enriched domain if and only if the underlying continuous t-norm satisfies the (S) condition. These results provide a foundation for ordering fuzzy numbers.

math.CT

Noetherian forms of free non-symmetric operads

In this paper, we study certain categories of labeled finite rooted ordered trees over a fixed set of labels where each label is equipped with an arity: a fixed number of children that the vertex with the given label must have. Equivalently, these are expression trees for operations in a free non-symmetric operad. A morphism between these trees matches a pruning of one tree (a prefix) with an entire subtree of another (a suffix). We characterize such categories, up to isomorphism, in terms of suitable exactness properties. It turns out that these categories exhibit strong algebraic behavior, in the sense that every such category, when appended with a strict initial object, has a particularly nice noetherian form.

math.CT