A Non-Commutative Unitary Analogue of Kirchberg's Conjecture

Abstract

The $C^{\ast}$-algebra $\mathcal{U}_{nc}(n)$ is the universal $C^{\ast}$-algebra generated by $n^2$ generators $u_{ij}$ that make up a unitary matrix. We prove that Kirchberg's formulation of Connes' embedding problem has a positive answer if and only if $\mathcal{U}_{nc}(2) \otimes_{\min} \mathcal{U}_{nc}(2)=\mathcal{U}_{nc}(2) \otimes_{\max} \mathcal{U}_{nc}(2)$. Our results follow from properties of the finite-dimensional operator system $\mathcal{V}_n$ spanned by $1$ and the generators of $\mathcal{U}_{nc}(n)$. We show that $\mathcal{V}_n$ is an operator system quotient of $M_{2n}$ and has the OSLLP. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions on $\mathcal{V}_n$ for there to be a positive answer to Kirchberg's problem. Finally, in analogy with recent results of Ozawa, we show that a form of Tsirelson's problem related to $\mathcal{V}_n$ is equivalent to Connes' Embedding problem.