Bernstein-Sato polynomials for projective hypersurfaces with weighted homogeneous isolated singularities

Abstract

We present a quite efficient method to calculate the roots of Bernstein-Sato polynomial for a defining polynomial $f$ of a projective hypersurface $Z\subset{\mathbb P}^{n-1}$ of degree $d$ having only weighted homogeneous isolated singularities. We prove the $E_2$-degeneration of the pole order spectral sequence so that the computation of roots is reduced to the one of the Hilbert series of the Jacobian ring of $f$ except the special case where $f$ is annihilated by a nonzero vector field on ${\mathbb C}^n$ with linear function coefficients. In the three variable case with $d>4$ we may assume that this vector field is a linear combination of $x\partial_x, y\partial_y, z\partial_z$, where $f$ is called extremely degenerated; in particular, the latter case does not contain any essential indecomposable central hyperplane arrangement in ${\mathbb C}^3$. Combined with the self-duality of the Koszul complex and a theorem of Dimca and Popescu, it implies for $n=3$ with $d>4$ except the extremely degenerated case that $R_f=\frac{1}{d}({\mathbb Z}\cap[3,k'])\cup R_Z$. Here $R_f,R_Z$ are the roots of Bernstein-Sato polynomials of $f$ and $Z$ up to sign, and $k'=\max(2d-3,k_{\max}+3)$ with $k_{\max}$ the maximal degree of the ``torsion part" of the Jacobian ring, where the latter is known to be at most $2d-5$ in the hyperplane arrangement case.