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arXiv · 1703.08438

Exact electrodynamics versus standard optics for a slab of cold dense gas

Juha Javanainen·Janne Ruostekoski·Yi Li·Sung-Mi Yoo
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Abstract

We study light propagation through a slab of cold gas using both the standard electrodynamics of polarizable media, and massive atom-by-atom simulations of the electrodynamics. The main finding is that the predictions from the two methods may differ qualitatively when the density of the atomic sample $ρ$ and the wavenumber of resonant light $k$ satisfy $ρk^{-3}\gtrsim 1$. The reason is that the standard electrodynamics is a mean-field theory, whereas for sufficiently strong light-mediated dipole-dipole interactions the atomic sample becomes correlated. The deviations from mean-field theory appear to scale with the parameter $ρk^{-3}$, and we demonstrate noticeable effects already at $ρk^{-3} \simeq 10^{-2}$. In dilute gases and in gases with an added inhomogeneous broadening the simulations show shifts of the resonance lines in qualitative agreement with the predicted Lorentz-Lorenz shift and "cooperative Lamb shift", but the quantitative agreement is unsatisfactory. Our interpretation is that the microscopic basis for the local-field corrections in electrodynamics is not fully understood.

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Juha Javanainen, Janne Ruostekoski, Yi Li, Sung-Mi Yoo. 2017-03-22. Exact electrodynamics versus standard optics for a slab of cold dense gas. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.96.033835

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