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arXiv · 1705.09124

Locating the QCD critical endpoint through finite-size scaling

N. G. Antoniou·F. K. Diakonos·X. N. Maintas·C. E. Tsagkarakis
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Abstract

Considering the 3d Ising universality class of the QCD critical endpoint we use a universal effective action for the description of the baryon-number density fluctuations around the critical region. Calculating the baryon-number multiplicity moments and determining their scaling with system's size we show that the critical region is very narrow in the direction of the baryon chemical potential $\mu$ and wide in the temperature direction $T$ for $T > T_c$. In this context, published experimental results on local proton density-fluctuation measurements obtained by intermittency analysis in transverse momentum space in NA49 central A+A collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.2$ GeV (A=C,Si,Pb), restrict significantly the location $(\mu_c,T_c)$ of the QCD critical endpoint. The main constraint is provided by the freeze-out chemical potential of the Si+Si system, which shows non-conventional baryon density fluctuations, restricting $(\mu_c,T_c)$ within a narrow domain, $119~\textrm{MeV} \leq T_c \leq 162~\textrm{MeV}$, $252~\textrm{MeV} \leq \mu_c \leq 258~\textrm{MeV}$, of the phase diagram.

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N. G. Antoniou, F. K. Diakonos, X. N. Maintas, C. E. Tsagkarakis. 2017-05-25. Locating the QCD critical endpoint through finite-size scaling. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.97.034015

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