Measuring the meteoroid environments of the planets with meteor detectors on Earth

Abstract

We describe how meteors recorded at the Earth can be used to partly reconstruct the meteoroid environments of the planets if a large sample (i.e. millions of orbits at a minimum) is available. The process involves selecting from the Earth-based sample those meteors which passed near a planet's orbit prior to arriving at the Earth, and so carry information about the planetary meteoroid environment. Indeed this process can be extended to any location in the Solar System, though some regions of space are better sampled than others. From such a reconstruction performed with data from the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR), we reveal that Mars has apex, helion, anti-helion and toroidal sporadic sources, much as Earth does. Such reconstructions, albeit partial, have the potential to provide a wealth of detail about planetary meteoroid environments, and to allow for the ground-truthing of model meteoroid populations without in situ sampling.