Neural network an1alysis of sleep stages enables efficient diagnosis of narcolepsy

Jens B. Stephansen; Alexander N. Olesen; Mads Olsen; Aditya Ambati; Eileen B. Leary; Hyatt E. Moore; Oscar Carrillo; Ling Lin; Fang Han; Han Yan; Yun L. Sun; Yves Dauvilliers; Sabine Scholz; Lucie Barateau; Birgit Hogl; Ambra Stefani; Seung Chul Hong; Tae Won Kim; Fabio Pizza; Giuseppe Plazzi; Stefano Vandi; Elena Antelmi; Dimitri Perrin; Samuel T. Kuna; Paula K. Schweitzer; Clete Kushida; Paul E. Peppard; Helge B. D. Sorensen; Poul Jennum; Emmanuel Mignot

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07229-3

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arXiv · 1710.02094

Neural network an1alysis of sleep stages enables efficient diagnosis of narcolepsy

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Abstract

Analysis of sleep for the diagnosis of sleep disorders such as Type-1 Narcolepsy (T1N) currently requires visual inspection of polysomnography records by trained scoring technicians. Here, we used neural networks in approximately 3,000 normal and abnormal sleep recordings to automate sleep stage scoring, producing a hypnodensity graph - a probability distribution conveying more information than classical hypnograms. Accuracy of sleep stage scoring was validated in 70 subjects assessed by six scorers. The best model performed better than any individual scorer (87% versus consensus). It also reliably scores sleep down to 5 instead of 30 second scoring epochs. A T1N marker based on unusual sleep-stage overlaps achieved a specificity of 96% and a sensitivity of 91%, validated in independent datasets. Addition of HLA-DQB1*06:02 typing increased specificity to 99%. Our method can reduce time spent in sleep clinics and automates T1N diagnosis. It also opens the possibility of diagnosing T1N using home sleep studies.

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Jens B. Stephansen, Alexander N. Olesen, Mads Olsen, Aditya Ambati, Eileen B. Leary, Hyatt E. Moore, Oscar Carrillo, Ling Lin, Fang Han, Han Yan, Yun L. Sun, Yves Dauvilliers, Sabine Scholz, Lucie Barateau, Birgit Hogl, Ambra Stefani, Seung Chul Hong, Tae Won Kim, Fabio Pizza, Giuseppe Plazzi, Stefano Vandi, Elena Antelmi, Dimitri Perrin, Samuel T. Kuna, Paula K. Schweitzer, Clete Kushida, Paul E. Peppard, Helge B. D. Sorensen, Poul Jennum, Emmanuel Mignot. 2017-10-05. Neural network an1alysis of sleep stages enables efficient diagnosis of narcolepsy. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07229-3

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