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arXiv · 1806.02807

Verified Quantum Information Scrambling

Kevin A. Landsman·Caroline Figgatt·Thomas Schuster·Norbert M. Linke·Beni Yoshida·Norman Y. Yao·Christopher Monroe
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Abstract

Quantum scrambling is the dispersal of local information into many-body quantum entanglements and correlations distributed throughout the entire system. This concept underlies the dynamics of thermalization in closed quantum systems, and more recently has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing chaos in black holes. However, the direct experimental measurement of quantum scrambling is difficult, owing to the exponential complexity of ergodic many-body entangled states. One way to characterize quantum scrambling is to measure an out-of-time-ordered correlation function (OTOC); however, since scrambling leads to their decay, OTOCs do not generally discriminate between quantum scrambling and ordinary decoherence. Here, we implement a quantum circuit that provides a positive test for the scrambling features of a given unitary process. This approach conditionally teleports a quantum state through the circuit, providing an unambiguous litmus test for scrambling while projecting potential circuit errors into an ancillary observable. We engineer quantum scrambling processes through a tunable 3-qubit unitary operation as part of a 7-qubit circuit on an ion trap quantum computer. Measured teleportation fidelities are typically $\sim80\%$, and enable us to experimentally bound the scrambling-induced decay of the corresponding OTOC measurement.

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Kevin A. Landsman, Caroline Figgatt, Thomas Schuster, Norbert M. Linke, Beni Yoshida, Norman Y. Yao, Christopher Monroe. 2018-06-18. Verified Quantum Information Scrambling. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0952-6

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