Heat kernel estimates of fractional Schr\"odinger operators with negative hardy potential

Abstract

We obtain two-sided estimates for the heat kernel (or the fundamental function) associated with the following fractional Schr\"odinger operator with negative Hardy potential $$\Delta^{\alpha/2} -\lambda |x|^{-\alpha}$$ on $\RR^d$, where $\alpha\in(0,d\wedge 2)$ and $\lambda>0$. The proof is purely analytical but elementary. In particular, for upper bounds of heat kernel we use the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation and adopt self-improving argument.