Low-scale leptogenesis assisted by a real scalar singlet

Abstract

Standard thermal leptogenesis in the type-I seesaw model requires very heavy right-handed neutrinos (RHNs). This makes it hard to probe this scenario experimentally and results in large radiative corrections to the Higgs boson mass. In this paper, we demonstrate that the situation is considerably different in models that extend the Higgs sector by a real scalar singlet. Based on effective-theory arguments, the extra scalar is always allowed to couple to the heavy neutrinos via singlet Yukawa terms. This opens up new RHN decay channels leading to larger $CP$ violation as well as to a stronger departure from thermal equilibrium during leptogenesis. As a consequence, the baryon asymmetry can be generated for a lightest RHN mass as low as 500 GeV and without the need for a highly degenerate RHN mass spectrum. In fact, the requirement of successful leptogenesis via the Higgs portal coupling singles out an interesting parameter region that can be probed in on-going and future experiments. We derive a semianalytical fit function for the final baryon asymmetry that allows for an efficient study of parameter space, thus enabling us to identify viable parameter regions. Our results are applicable to a wide range of models featuring an additional real scalar singlet.