Revisit to electrical and thermal conductivities, Lorenz number and Knudsen number in thermal QCD in a strong magnetic field

Abstract

We have explored how the electrical ($σ_{\rm el}$) and thermal ($κ$) conductivities in a thermal QCD medium get affected in weak-momentum anisotropies arising either due to a strong magnetic field or due to asymptotic expansion. This study facilitates to understand the longevity of strong magnetic field through $σ_{el}$, Lorenz number in Wiedemann-Franz law, and the validity of equilibrium by the Knudsen number. We calculate the conductivities by solving relativistic Boltzmann transport equation in relaxation-time approximation within quasiparticle model at finite T and strong B. We have found that $σ_{el}$ and $κ$ get enhanced in a magnetic field-driven anisotropy, but $σ_{el}$ decreases with temperature, opposite to its faster increase in expansion-driven anisotropy. Whereas $κ$ increases slowly with temperature, contrary to its rapid increase in expansion-driven anisotropy. The above findings are broadly attributed to three factors: the stretching and squeezing of distribution function in anisotropies generated by the magnetic field and asymptotic expansion, respectively, the dispersion relation and resulting phase-space factor, the relaxation-time in absence and presence of strong magnetic field. So $σ_{\rm el}$ extracts the time-dependence of magnetic field, which decays slower than in vacuum but expansion-driven anisotropy makes the decay faster. The variation in $κ$ transpires that Knudsen number decreases with T but expansion-driven anisotropy reduces its value and magnetic field-driven anisotropy raises its value but to less than one, thus the system can still be in equilibrium. The ratio, $κ/σ_{el}$ in magnetic field-driven anisotropy increases linearly with temperature but with a value smaller than in expansion-driven anisotropy. Thus the Lorenz number can make the distinction between different anisotropies.