Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 1903.04469

A New Microscopic Traffic Model Using a Spring-Mass-Damper-Clutch System

Zhaojian Li·Firas Khasawneh·Xiang Yin·Aoxue Li·Ziyou Song
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Microscopic traffic models describe how cars interact with their neighbors in an uninterrupted traffic flow and are frequently used for reference in advanced vehicle control design. In this paper, we propose a novel mechanical system inspired microscopic traffic model using a mass-spring-damper-clutch system. This model naturally captures the ego vehicle's resistance to large relative speed and deviation from a (driver and speed dependent) desired relative distance when following the lead vehicle. Comparing to existing car following (CF) models, this model offers physically interpretable insights on the underlying CF dynamics, and is able to characterize the impact of the ego vehicle on the lead vehicle, which is neglected in existing CF models. Thanks to the nonlinear wave propagation analysis techniques for mechanical systems, the proposed model therefore has great scalability so that multiple mass-spring-damper-clutch system can be chained to study the macroscopic traffic flow. We investigate the stability of the proposed model on the system parameters and the time delay using spectral element method. We also develop a parallel recursive least square with inverse QR decomposition (PRLS-IQR) algorithm to identify the model parameters online. These real-time estimated parameters can be used to predict the driving trajectory that can be incorporated in advanced vehicle longitudinal control systems for improved safety and fuel efficiency. The PRLS-IQR is computationally efficient and numerically stable so it is suitable for online implementation. The traffic model and the parameter identification algorithm are validated on both simulations and naturalistic driving data from multiple drivers. Promising performance is demonstrated.

Explore related subjects

eess.SYcs.SY

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Zhaojian Li, Firas Khasawneh, Xiang Yin, Aoxue Li, Ziyou Song. 2019-03-11. A New Microscopic Traffic Model Using a Spring-Mass-Damper-Clutch System. https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.04469

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Structured Stochastic Representations of Integrated Dynamic Strategies

Dynamic allocation decisions couple present resource use to evolving internal conditions, delayed returns, and future costs. We represent this interaction by four probability localizations linked through regime-indexed, graph-constrained column-stochastic operators. Pre-action state or context selects a locally affine model, while action-dependent changes update subsequent regimes, yielding a causal switched representation of nonlinear evolution. We characterize operator identifiability relative to the graph, the stochastic constraints, and the sampled embedding, separating coefficient recovery from predictive equivalence on the decision domain. Decision making is then formulated through implementable return--cost acceptability regions. Finite-horizon error propagation supplies conservative classification margins, and simultaneous intervals distinguish model-relative near-optimality from certified $\epsilon$-optimality over a declared finite policy class. Regime-indexed stochastic feedback is admitted when it satisfies the same certification test. Reproducible synthetic laboratories for personal preparation, supplier participation, and customer retention illustrate exact, operator-supplied, and noisy feedback cases. Multinomial experiments show improving recovery of the feedback function and fewer unresolved decisions with increasing sample size, while unrestricted off-policy recovery remains limited. The contribution is a structure-preserving representation--identification--decision workflow, not a domain-specific physiological or commercial calibration.

eess.SY↗
arXiv2026

Fusion Estimation in Multi-sensor Systems for Data Packets with Disrupted Identities

In this paper, we explore the problem of fusion estimation for a multi-sensor system where the identity of the data packet received by each sensor may be disrupted or incorrect due to confusion in device identity allocation, communication protocol defects, or the lack of a clear sensor identifier. This can result in a random shuffle of the data components during the fusion estimation process, compromising the performance of the fusion estimation. To address this issue, we introduce the concepts of permutations and symmetry groups to describe this phenomenon as data packet permutation. We construct statistics to simplify the information set, developing two algorithms: a Bayesian approach, which performs fusion using posterior arrangement probabilities, and a greedy approach, which effectively improves estimation performance by guessing the likely data arrangement. We compare these two algorithms and demonstrate that both are expectation error-bounded. We improve algorithms for information-scarce scenarios. By employing the expectation-maximization algorithm, we fill in the prior information of data arrangement where the correct convergence is proven. Finally, we present numerical simulations to validate our results.

eess.SY↗
arXiv2026

Quantifying the Reality Gap for RL-Based UAV Placement at mmWave and Sub-THz

Reinforcement learning (RL) policies for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) placement in mmWave and sub-terahertz networks are typically trained on simplified analytical channels. We quantify the resulting sim-to-real gap on a real urban map of Doha, Qatar, at carriers {28, 140, 183, 300} GHz and altitudes {50, 75, 100, 125} m, evaluating three channel pipelines: an analytical model (FSPL + atmospheric absorption + cuboid LoS), full Monte-Carlo ray tracing in Sionna RT with ITU-R P.676-13 absorption, and a deterministic-LoS hybrid that reuses Sionna's mesh under a closed-form path-gain expression. We formalize the gap on the spatial SNR distribution via four metrics, namely bias, RMSE, Jensen-Shannon divergence, and optimum-deployment displacement. Three findings emerge: at 28/140 GHz, $\sim$70% of the apparent -5.6/-4.8 dB Sionna bias is Monte-Carlo undersampling and shrinks to -1.7/-1.5 dB after mitigation; at 183 GHz a -9.2 dB residual isolates the atmospheric absorption / ITU-R P.676 line-shape disagreement; at 300 GHz the stochastic ray tracer agrees with the analytical model only coincidentally, with a +3.8 dB structural offset exposed by the deterministic-LoS pipeline. Across all carriers the linear-domain regret of the analytical-trained policy stays $\geq$ 0.93, indicating practical near-optimality but with a carrier-resolved SNR bias that warrants explicit reporting.

eess.SY↗