Dissimilarity learning via Siamese network predicts brain imaging data

Abstract

The advent of deep learning has a profound effect on visual neuroscience. It paved the way for new models to predict neural data. Although deep convolutional neural networks are explicitly trained for categorization, they learn a representation similar to a biological visual system. But categorization is not the only goal of the human visual system. Hence, the representation of a classification algorithm may not completely explain the visual processing stages. Here, I modified the traditional Siamese network loss function (Contrastive loss) to train them directly on neural dissimilarity. This network takes image pair as input and predicts the correlation distance between their output features. For Algonauts challenge, using dissimilarity learning, I fine-tuned the initial layers of Alexnet to predict MEG early response/EVC data and all the layers of VGG-16 to predict MEG late response/IT data. This approach is ideal for datasets with high SNR. Therefore, my model achieved state-of-the-art performance on MEG dataset but not fMRI.