Critical field behavior of a multiply connected superconductor in a tilted magnetic field

Abstract

We report magnetotransport measurements of the critical field behavior of thin Al films deposited onto multiply connected substrates. The substrates were fabricated via a standard electrochemical process that produced a triangular array of 66 nm diameter holes having a lattice constant of 100 nm. The critical field transition of the Al films was measured near $T_c$ as a function of field orientation relative to the substrate normal. With the field oriented along the normal ($θ=0$), we observe reentrant superconductivity at a characteristic matching field $H_m=0.22\,\mathrm{T}$, corresponding to one flux quantum per hole. In tilted fields, the position $H^*$ of the reentrance feature increases as $\sec(θ)$, but the resistivity traces are somewhat more complex than those of a continuous superconducting film. We show that when the tilt angle is tuned such that $H^*$ is of the order of the upper critical field $H_c$, the entire critical region is dominated by the enhanced dissipation associated with a sub-matching perpendicular component of the applied field. At higher tilt angles a local maximum in the critical field is observed when the perpendicular component of the field is equal to the matching field.