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arXiv · 1912.05456

Weiche Landung auf dem Mars

Markus Nielbock
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Abstract

In the distant future, humans will surely fly to Mars. Even today, probes and vehicles are carrying out measurements on the surface of Mars. However, most landings on Mars cannot be carried out with parachutes alone. Instead, landing modules are deployed that use engines to reduce the speed to acceptable values. Compared to Earth, Mars exerts a lower force of attraction on the probes. However, its atmosphere is much thinner than that of Earth. With simple calculations and some simplifying assumptions, students calculate the speed of a Mars probe with a parachute. This allows them to realise that, due to the thin Mars atmosphere, the final speed does not permit a soft landing. Additional materials at: https://www.haus-der-astronomie.de/raum-fuer-bildung ----- In ferner Zukunft werden sicher Menschen zum Mars fliegen. Schon heute f\"uhren Sonden und Fahrzeuge auf der Marsoberfl\"ache Messungen durch. Landungen k\"onnen auf dem Mars jedoch meistens nicht alleine mit Fallschirmen durchgef\"uhrt werden. Stattdessen verwendet man Landemodule, die mit Triebwerken die Geschwindigkeit auf akzeptable Werte verringern. Im Vergleich zur Erde \"ubt der Mars zwar eine geringere Anziehungskraft auf die Sonden aus. Jedoch ist seine Atmosph\"are sehr viel d\"unner als die der Erde. Mit simplen Rechnungen und einigen vereinfachenden Annahmen berechnen Sch\"ulerinnen und Sch\"uler die Geschwindigkeit einer Marssonde mit Fallschirm. Dadurch erkennen sie, dass aufgrund der d\"unnen Marsatmosph\"are die Endgeschwindigkeit keine weiche Landung zul\"asst. Weitere Materialien unter: https://www.haus-der-astronomie.de/raum-fuer-bildung

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Markus Nielbock. 2019-12-10. Weiche Landung auf dem Mars. https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05456

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