Physical realization of complex dynamical pattern formation in magnetic active feedback rings

Abstract

We report the clean experimental realization of cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau physics in a single driven, damped system. Four numerically predicted categories of complex dynamical behavior and pattern formation are identified for bright and dark solitary waves propagating around an active magnetic thin film-based feedback ring: (1) periodic breathing; (2) complex recurrence; (3) spontaneous spatial shifting; and (4) intermittency. These nontransient, long lifetime behaviors are observed in microwave spin wave envelopes circulating within a dispersive, nonlinear yttrium iron garnet waveguide operating in a ring geometry where the net losses are directly compensated for via linear amplification on each round trip O(100 ns). The behaviors exhibit periods ranging from tens to thousands of round trip times O($\mu$ s) and are stable for 1000s of periods O(ms). We present 10 observations of these dynamical behaviors which span the experimentally accessible ranges of attractive cubic nonlinearity, dispersion, and external field strength that support the self-generation of backward volume spin waves in a four-wave-mixing dominant regime. Three-wave splitting is not explicitly forbidden and is treated as an additional source of nonlinear losses. Each of these long lifetime behaviors of bright solitary waves was previously numerically predicted to be observable. The dynamical pattern formation of dark solitary waves in attractive nonlinearity, however, is entirely novel and is reported for both the periodic breather and complex recurrence behaviors. All behaviors are identified in the group velocity co-moving frame.