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arXiv · 2004.11392

Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Complete leading order

J. Ghiglieri·G. Jackson·M. Laine·Y. Zhu
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Abstract

We compute the production rate of the energy density carried by gravitational waves emitted by a Standard Model plasma in thermal equilibrium, consistently to leading order in coupling constants for momenta $k\sim \pi T$. Summing up the contributions from the full history of the universe, the highest temperature of the radiation epoch can be constrained by the so-called $N_{\rm eff}$ parameter. The current theoretical uncertainty $\Delta N_{\rm eff} \le 10^{-3}$ corresponds to $T_{\rm max} \le 2\times 10^{17}$ GeV. In the course of the computation, we show how a subpart of the production rate can be determined with the help of standard packages, even if subsequently an IR subtraction and thermal resummation need to be implemented.

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J. Ghiglieri, G. Jackson, M. Laine, Y. Zhu. 2020-04-23. Gravitational wave background from Standard Model physics: Complete leading order. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep07(2020)092

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