Chiral random matrix theory for colorful quark-antiquark condensates

Abstract

In QCD at high density, the color-octet quark-antiquark condensate $\langle\overlineψγ_0(λ^A)_C (λ^A)_Fψ\rangle$ is generally nonzero and dynamically breaks the $\mathrm{SU}(3)_C\times \mathrm{SU}(3)_L\times\mathrm{SU}(3)_R$ symmetry down to the diagonal $\mathrm{SU}(3)_V$. We evaluate this condensate in the mean-field approximation and find that it is of order $μΔ^2\log(μ/Δ)$ where $Δ$ is the BCS gap of quarks. Next we propose a novel non-Hermitian chiral random matrix theory that describes the formation of colorful quark-antiquark condensates. We take the microscopic large-$N$ limit and find that three phases appear depending on the parameter of the model. They are the color-flavor locked phase, the polar phase, and the normal phase. We rigorously derive the effective theory of Nambu-Goldstone modes and determine the quark-mass dependence of the partition function.