2D Schr\"{o}dinger operators with singular potentials concentrated near curves

Abstract

We investigate the Schr\"{o}dinger operators $H_\varepsilon=-\Delta +W+V_\varepsilon$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with the short-range potentials $V_\varepsilon$ which are localized around a smooth closed curve $\gamma$. The operators $H_\varepsilon$ can be viewed as an approximation of the heuristic Hamiltonian $H=-\Delta+W+a\partial_\nu\delta_\gamma+b\delta_\gamma$, where $\delta_\gamma$ is Dirac's $\delta$-function supported on $\gamma$ and $\partial_\nu\delta_\gamma$ is its normal derivative on $\gamma$. Assuming that the operator $-\Delta +W$ has only discrete spectrum, we analyze the asymptotic behaviour of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of $H_\varepsilon$. The transmission conditions on $\gamma$ for the eigenfunctions $u^+=\alpha u^-$, $\alpha\, \partial_\nu u^+-\partial_\nu u^-=\beta u^-$, which arise in the limit as $\varepsilon\to 0$, reveal a nontrivial connection between spectral properties of $H_\varepsilon$ and the geometry of $\gamma$.