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arXiv · 2101.04564

The Imprint of Large Scale Structure on the Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray Sky

Chen Ding·Noemie Globus·Glennys R. Farrar
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Abstract

Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are atomic nuclei from space with vastly higher energies than any other particles ever observed. Their origin and chemical composition remain a mystery. As we show here, the large- and intermediate-angular-scale anisotropies observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory are a powerful tool for understanding the origin of UHECRs. Without specifying any particular production mechanism, but only postulating that the source distribution follows the matter distribution of the local Universe, a good accounting of the magnitude, direction and energy dependence of the dipole anisotropy at energies above $8 \times 10^{18}$ eV is obtained, after taking into account the impact of energy losses during propagation (the "GZK horizon"), diffusion in extragalactic magnetic field and deflections in the Galactic magnetic field (GMF). This is a major step toward the long-standing hope of using UHECR anisotropies to constrain UHECR composition and magnetic fields. The observed dipole anisotropy is incompatible with a pure proton composition in this scenario. With a more accurate treatment of energy losses, it should be possible to further constrain the cosmic-ray composition and properties of the extragalactic magnetic field, self-consistently improve the GMF model, and potentially expose individual UHECR sources.

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Chen Ding, Noemie Globus, Glennys R. Farrar. 2021-01-12. The Imprint of Large Scale Structure on the Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray Sky. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213%2Fabf11e

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