Green's function Zero and Symmetric Mass Generation

Abstract

It is known that, under short-range interactions many topological superconductors (TSC) and topological insulators (TI) are trivialized, which means the boundary state of the system can be trivially gapped out by interaction without leading to symmetry breaking or topological ground state degeneracy. This phenomenon is also referred to as "symmetric mass generation" (SMG), and has attracted broad attentions from both the condensed matter and high energy physics communities. However, after the trivialization caused by interaction, some trace of the nontrivial topology of the system still persists. Previous studies have indicated that interacting topological TSC and TI could be related to the "zero" of Green's function, namely the fermion Green's function $G(\mathrm{i} \omega \rightarrow 0) = 0$. In this work, through the general "decorated defect" construction of symmetry protected topological (SPT) states, we demonstrate the existence of Green's function zero after SMG, by mapping the evaluation of the Green's function to the problem of a single particle path integral. This method can be extended to the cases without spatial translation symmetry, where the momentum space which hosts many quantized topological numbers is no longer meaningful. Using the same method one can demonstrate the existence of the Green's function zero at the "avoided topological transition" in the bulk of the system.