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arXiv · 2105.04663

GSPMD: General and Scalable Parallelization for ML Computation Graphs

Yuanzhong Xu·HyoukJoong Lee·Dehao Chen·Blake Hechtman·Yanping Huang·Rahul Joshi·Maxim Krikun·Dmitry Lepikhin·Andy Ly·Marcello Maggioni·Ruoming Pang·Noam Shazeer·Shibo Wang·Tao Wang·Yonghui Wu·Zhifeng Chen
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Abstract

We present GSPMD, an automatic, compiler-based parallelization system for common machine learning computations. It allows users to write programs in the same way as for a single device, then give hints through a few annotations on how to distribute tensors, based on which GSPMD will parallelize the computation. Its representation of partitioning is simple yet general, allowing it to express different or mixed paradigms of parallelism on a wide variety of models. GSPMD infers the partitioning for every operator based on limited user annotations, making it convenient to scale existing single-device programs. It solves several technical challenges for production usage, allowing GSPMD to achieve 50% to 62% compute utilization on up to 2048 Cloud TPUv3 cores for models with up to one trillion parameters.

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Yuanzhong Xu, HyoukJoong Lee, Dehao Chen, Blake Hechtman, Yanping Huang, Rahul Joshi, Maxim Krikun, Dmitry Lepikhin, Andy Ly, Marcello Maggioni, Ruoming Pang, Noam Shazeer, Shibo Wang, Tao Wang, Yonghui Wu, Zhifeng Chen. 2021-05-10. GSPMD: General and Scalable Parallelization for ML Computation Graphs. https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.04663

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