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arXiv · 2106.00513

Perfect matchings, Hamiltonian cycles and edge-colourings in a class of cubic graphs

Marién Abreu·John Baptist Gauci·Domenico Labbate·Federico Romaniello·Jean Paul Zerafa
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Abstract

A graph $G$ has the Perfect-Matching-Hamiltonian property (PMH-property) if for each one of its perfect matchings, there is another perfect matching of $G$ such that the union of the two perfect matchings yields a Hamiltonian cycle of $G$. The study of graphs that have the PMH-property, initiated in the 1970s by Las Vergnas and H\"{a}ggkvist, combines three well-studied properties of graphs, namely matchings, Hamiltonicity and edge-colourings. In this work, we study these concepts for cubic graphs in an attempt to characterise those cubic graphs for which every perfect matching corresponds to one of the colours of a proper 3-edge-colouring of the graph. We discuss that this is equivalent to saying that such graphs are even-2-factorable (E2F), that is, all 2-factors of the graph contain only even cycles. The case for bipartite cubic graphs is trivial, since if $G$ is bipartite then it is E2F. Thus, we restrict our attention to non-bipartite cubic graphs. A sufficient, but not necessary, condition for a cubic graph to be E2F is that it has the PMH-property. The aim of this work is to introduce an infinite family of E2F non-bipartite cubic graphs on two parameters, which we coin papillon graphs, and determine the values of the respective parameters for which these graphs have the PMH-property or are just E2F. We also show that no two papillon graphs with different parameters are isomorphic.

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Marién Abreu, John Baptist Gauci, Domenico Labbate, Federico Romaniello, Jean Paul Zerafa. 2021-06-01. Perfect matchings, Hamiltonian cycles and edge-colourings in a class of cubic graphs. https://doi.org/10.26493/1855-3974.23_3

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