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arXiv · 2107.08978

Probing the $B+L$ violation process with the observation of cosmic magnetic field

Yuefeng Di·Jialong Wang·Ligong Bian·Rong-Gen Cai·Jing Liu
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Abstract

We investigate the $B+L$ violation process by performing three-dimensional lattice simulations in an electroweak theory with first-order phase transition and the electroweak sphaleron decay. The simulation results indicate that the Chern-Simons number changes along with the helical magnetic field production when the sphaleron decay occurs. Our study suggests that, for the electroweak phase transition with nucleation rate being smaller than $\sim \mathcal{O}(10)$, the helical magnetic field with the fractional magnetic helicity $\epsilon_M\leq 0.2$ can be probed by Cherenkov Telescope Array through the intergalactic magnetic field measurements. Based on our numerical results, we suggest a method to probe the baryon asymmetry generation of the Universe, which is a general consequence of the electroweak sphaleron process, through the astronomical observation of the corresponding helical magnetic field.

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Yuefeng Di, Jialong Wang, Ligong Bian, Rong-Gen Cai, Jing Liu. 2021-07-19. Probing the $B+L$ violation process with the observation of cosmic magnetic field. https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.08978

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