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arXiv · 2110.09791

Generalized estimates for the density of oxide scale in the range from 0 C to 1300 C

Emmanuil Beygelzimer·Yan Beygelzimer
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Abstract

Oxide scale formed on the surface of steel products during high-teperature processes is studied as a composite material, the main solid components of which, in general, are wustite, magnetite, hematite and metallic iron. To estimate the density of each of these components in the temperature range from 0 C to 1300 C, formulas are proposed that are consistent with the empirical functions of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, which the authors obtained earlier by generaizing data from open sources. The Curie and polymorphic transformation temperatures are included in these generalized formulas as variable parameters, which allows one to take into account the movability of phase transitions due to impurities, crystal lattice defects, particle sizes, cooling rate, and other factors. When specifying the particular values of critical temperatures, the other parameters of the formulas are recalculated automatically. In a particular form, the proposed formulas correspond to the basic values of critical temperatures. According to the calculation examples given, the true (not including pores) density of oxide scale can be about 5200 to 5600 kg/m3, depending on the temperature and percentage of components, whereby a local density minimum may be observed in the region of 570 C due to eutectoid decomposition of wustite into magnetite and iron. The proposed methods are recommended for use in mathematical simulation of processing of steel products in the presence of oxide scale on its surface.

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Emmanuil Beygelzimer, Yan Beygelzimer. 2021-10-19. Generalized estimates for the density of oxide scale in the range from 0 C to 1300 C. https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.09791

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