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arXiv · 2110.10917

Asymptotic behavior of null geodesics near future null infinity II: curvatures, photon surface and dynamically transversely trapping surface

Masaya Amo·Tetsuya Shiromizu·Keisuke Izumi·Hirotaka Yoshino·Yoshimune Tomikawa
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Abstract

Bearing in mind our previous study on asymptotic behavior of null geodesics near future null infinity, we analyze the behavior of geometrical quantities such as a certain extrinsic curvature and Riemann tensor in the Bondi coordinates. In the sense of asymptotics, the condition for an $r$-constant hypersurface to be a photon surface is shown to be controlled by a key quantity that determines the fate of photons initially emitted in angular directions. As a consequence, in four dimensions, such a non-expanding photon surface can be realized even near future null infinity in the presence of enormous energy flux for a short period of time. By contrast, in higher-dimensional cases, no such a photon surface can exist. This result also implies that the dynamically transversely trapping surface, which is proposed as an extension of a photon surface, can have an arbitrarily large radius in four dimensions.

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Masaya Amo, Tetsuya Shiromizu, Keisuke Izumi, Hirotaka Yoshino, Yoshimune Tomikawa. 2021-10-21. Asymptotic behavior of null geodesics near future null infinity II: curvatures, photon surface and dynamically transversely trapping surface. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.105.064074

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