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arXiv · 2110.11367

A wind-blown bubble in the Central Molecular Zone cloud G0.253+0.016

J. D. Henshaw·M. R. Krumholz·N. O. Butterfield·J. Mackey·A. Ginsburg·T. J. Haworth·F. Nogueras-Lara·A. T. Barnes·S. N. Longmore·J. Bally·J. M. D. Kruijssen·E. A. C. Mills·H. Beuther·D. L. Walker·C. Battersby·A. Bulatek·T. Henning·J. Ott·J. D. Soler
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Abstract

G0.253+0.016, commonly referred to as "the Brick" and located within the Central Molecular Zone, is one of the densest ($\approx10^{3-4}$ cm$^{-3}$) molecular clouds in the Galaxy to lack signatures of widespread star formation. We set out to constrain the origins of an arc-shaped molecular line emission feature located within the cloud. We determine that the arc, centred on $\{l_{0},b_{0}\}=\{0.248^{\circ}, 0.18^{\circ}\}$, has a radius of $1.3$ pc and kinematics indicative of the presence of a shell expanding at $5.2^{+2.7}_{-1.9}$ km s$^{-1}$. Extended radio continuum emission fills the arc cavity and recombination line emission peaks at a similar velocity to the arc, implying that the molecular and ionised gas are physically related. The inferred Lyman continuum photon rate is $N_{\rm LyC}=10^{46.0}-10^{47.9}$ photons s$^{-1}$, consistent with a star of spectral type B1-O8.5, corresponding to a mass of $\approx12-20$ M$_{\odot}$. We explore two scenarios for the origin of the arc: i) a partial shell swept up by the wind of an interloper high-mass star; ii) a partial shell swept up by stellar feedback resulting from in-situ star formation. We favour the latter scenario, finding reasonable (factor of a few) agreement between its morphology, dynamics, and energetics and those predicted for an expanding bubble driven by the wind from a high-mass star. The immediate implication is that G0.253+0.016 may not be as quiescent as is commonly accepted. We speculate that the cloud may have produced a $\lesssim10^{3}$ M$_{\odot}$ star cluster $\gtrsim0.4$ Myr ago, and demonstrate that the high-extinction and stellar crowding observed towards G0.253+0.016 may help to obscure such a star cluster from detection.

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J. D. Henshaw, M. R. Krumholz, N. O. Butterfield, J. Mackey, A. Ginsburg, T. J. Haworth, F. Nogueras-Lara, A. T. Barnes, S. N. Longmore, J. Bally, J. M. D. Kruijssen, E. A. C. Mills, H. Beuther, D. L. Walker, C. Battersby, A. Bulatek, T. Henning, J. Ott, J. D. Soler. 2021-10-21. A wind-blown bubble in the Central Molecular Zone cloud G0.253+0.016. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras%2Fstab3039

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