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arXiv · 2111.04288

The missing quantum number of the Floquet states

Cristian M. Le·Ryosuke Akashi·Shinji Tsuneyuki
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Abstract

We reformulate the Floquet theory for periodically driven quantum systems following a perfect analogy with the proof of Bloch theorem. We observe that the current standard method for calculating the Floquet eigenstates by the quasi-energy alone is incomplete and unstable, and pinpoint an overlooked quantum number, the average energy. This new quantum number resolves many shortcomings of the Floquet method stemming from the quasi-energy degeneracy issues, particularly in the continuum limit. Using the average energy quantum number we get properties similar to those of the static energy, including a unique lower-bounded ordering of the Floquet states, from which we define a ground state, and a variational method for calculating the Floquet states. This is a first step towards reformulating Floquet first-principles methods, that have long been thought to be incompatible due to the limitations of the quasi-energy.

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Cristian M. Le, Ryosuke Akashi, Shinji Tsuneyuki. 2021-11-08. The missing quantum number of the Floquet states. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.105.052213

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