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arXiv · 2202.01791

Integer and fractionalized vortex lattices and off-diagonal long-range order

Michael A. Rampp·Jörg Schmalian
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Abstract

We analyze the implication of off-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO) for inhomogeneous periodic field configurations and multi-component order parameters. For single component order parameters we show that the only static, periodic field configuration consistent with ODLRO is a vortex lattice with integer flux in units of the flux quantum in each unit cell. For a superconductor with $g$ degenerate components, fractional vortices are allowed. Depending on the precise order-parameter manifold, they tend to occur in units of $1/g$ of the flux quantum. These results are well known to emerge from the Ginzburg-Landau or BCS theories of superconductivity. Our results imply that they are valid even if these theories no-longer apply. Integer and fractional vortex lattices are transparently seen to emerge as a consequence of the macroscopic coherence and single valuedness of the condensate.

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Michael A. Rampp, Jörg Schmalian. 2022-02-03. Integer and fractionalized vortex lattices and off-diagonal long-range order. https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528%2Fac7033

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