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arXiv · 2203.07099

Dynamical dimensional reduction in multi-valued Hamiltonians

Alexsandre L. Ferreira Junior·Nelson Pinto-Neto·Jorge Zanelli
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Abstract

Several interesting physical systems, such as the Lovelock extension of General Relativity in higher dimensions, classical time crystals, k-essence fields, Horndeski theories, compressible fluids, and nonlinear electrodynamics, have apparent ill defined sympletic structures, due to the fact that their Hamiltonians are multi-valued functions of the momenta. In this paper, the dynamical evolution generated by such Hamiltonians is described as a degenerate dynamical system, whose sympletic form does not have a constant rank, allowing novel features and interpretations not present in previous investigations. In particular, it is shown how the multi-valuedness is associated with a dynamical mechanism of dimensional reduction, as some degrees of freedom turn into gauge symmetries when the system degenerates.

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Alexsandre L. Ferreira Junior, Nelson Pinto-Neto, Jorge Zanelli. 2022-03-14. Dynamical dimensional reduction in multi-valued Hamiltonians. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.105.084064

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