Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · 2204.03617

On the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe

Efstratios Manousakis
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

In order to investigate the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe, we adopt a theoretical framework where the standard model emerges as a Poincaré invariant field theory localized at a domain-antidomain wall (DW-aDW) brane pair of a theory which lives on a higher dimensional bulk. We argue that such a system of a parallel DW-aDW pair could have been created at a very early epoch of the cosmological evolution when the Universe was still of microscopic size because its creation is topologically possible as compared to a single DW creation when the perpendicular extra dimension is compact. The conservation laws, such as of charge and chirality, are not violated in vacuum fluctuations of the combined DW-aDW system, but as we show their simultaneous conservation for each wall separately may not be favorable in certain processes. In particular, as expansion of spacetime occurs in the higher dimensional bulk, the distance d between the DW and the aDW increases as a function of time. We show that during the early stages of the cosmological evolution, when d was of microscopic size, the leading mechanism for pair-creation from fluctuations of the gauge-field with polarization perpendicular to the DWs (i.e., polarization along the extra dimension) was one in which the particle and the antiparticle were created on the opposite domain-walls hosting opposite chirality fermions. This mechanism allows for a matter-antimatter asymmetry to appear separately in the DW and the aDW, while in the combined DW-aDW system no such asymmetry was allowed. In this scenario, at a later and the present stage of the cosmological evolution, where d is macroscopically large, the probability to violate these conservation laws on a single DW, as a function of the inter-wall distance, is exponentially suppressed.

Explore related subjects

hep-thhep-lat

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Efstratios Manousakis. 2022-04-07. On the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137049

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Timelike Entanglement from Spacetime Density Matrices: A Lattice Realization

We investigate timelike entanglement in quantum field theory using spacetime density matrices and provide a microscopic lattice realization. For a two-dimensional free real scalar field, we extend Gaussian diagonalization methods to the generally non-Hermitian reduced spacetime density matrix and determine its complete nonzero spectrum in the generic regular case, together with all integer R\'enyi moments. The real-time replica construction identifies these moments with Lorentzian branch-point twist-operator correlation functions. We test this identification against the full four-point function on a circle, boundary two-point functions with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, and massive form-factor predictions, finding quantitative agreement in both magnitude and phase across distinct causal regimes. The boundary setup exhibits a finite causally connected window in which every integer R\'enyi entropy is real, showing that reality is not equivalent to causal disconnection. These results provide a microscopic lattice foundation for timelike entanglement and for Lorentzian twist-operator methods beyond equal-time regions.

hep-th↗
arXiv2026

Landau-Ginzburg description of an exceptional ${\mathcal N}=1$ minimal model

The $\mathcal N=1$ superconformal minimal model with $m=12$ and the exceptional modular invariant $(E_6,D_8)$ is the unitary minimal model of the super-$W_3$ algebra. We propose its Landau-Ginzburg description using two real scalar superfields with the cubic superpotential ${\cal W}=g_1 XY^2/2 + g_2X^3/6$. For $g_1=g_2$, this superpotential is known to describe a product of two $m=3$ $\mathcal N=1$ superconformal minimal models, which is the $m=10$ model with the $(D_6,E_6)$ modular invariant. The exceptional $m=12$ superconformal minimal model is realized at a different fixed point of the same theory. Testing this Landau-Ginzburg description requires the fusion ring of the minimal model, which we obtain from the modular data of the extended algebra. The fusion ring has a $\mathbb Z_2$ grading by chiral fermion parity that the ordinary fusion coefficients do not determine. This grading, composed with conjugation, gives the generator of the R-parity $\mathbb Z_2^{R}$ of the Landau-Ginzburg theory. We then treat the theory with superpotential $\cal W$ as a Gross-Neveu-Yukawa model in $d=4-\epsilon$ and find a weakly coupled infrared fixed point with $g_1/g_2=3/2+\mathcal O(\epsilon)$, at which supersymmetry emerges. We also describe the renormalization group flow from this fixed point to the decoupled fixed point with $g_1=g_2$. The operator dimensions at the coupled fixed point, continued to $d=2$, agree approximately with their values in the $m=12$ superconformal minimal model. Finally, we estimate the scaling dimensions in the new interacting $d=3$ $\mathcal N=1$ superconformal field theory.

hep-th↗
arXiv2026

Detecting one-dimensional bosonic SPT phases via twisted entropic order parameter

Entanglement asymmetry, introduced by F. Ares, S. Murciano and P. Calabrese, provides a density-matrix diagnostic of symmetry breaking and successfully captures the Landau data associated with a broken symmetry pattern. However, it is by now well established that gapped quantum many-body systems can exhibit phases which are not characterized solely by Landau symmetry breaking. A fundamental example is a symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase, and the ordinary definition of entanglement asymmetry is insensitive to this topological information. In this work we introduce a refined quantity, which we call the twisted entropic order parameter, designed to detect SPT phases from reduced density matrices, particularly focusing on one-dimensional bosonic systems. The key ingredient in our construction is an ancilla degrees of freedom that coherently records the untwisted state and the twisted state associated to a one-ended topological defect of unbroken symmetry, so that the enlarged density matrix retains the charge carried by the defect endpoint. We demonstrate our proposal in concrete lattice models and further generalize it beyond ordinary group symmetries, establishing its ability to diagnose SPT phases. This provides a first step toward a unified entanglement-asymmetry framework for diagnosing quantum phases of matter.

hep-th↗