Entanglement and Quantum Correlation Measures from a Minimum Distance Principle

Abstract

Entanglement, and quantum correlation, are precious resources for quantum technologies implementation based on quantum information science, such as, for instance, quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum interferometry. Nevertheless, to our best knowledge, a directly computable measure for the entanglement of multipartite mixed-states is still lacking. In this work, {\it i)} we derive from a minimum distance principle, an explicit measure able to quantify the degree of quantum correlation for pure or mixed multipartite states; {\it ii)} through a regularization process of the density matrix, we derive an entanglement measure from such quantum correlation measure; {\it iii)} we prove that our entanglement measure is \textit{faithful} in the sense that it vanishes only on the set of separable states. Then, a comparison of the proposed measures, of quantum correlation and entanglement, allows one to distinguish between quantum correlation detached from entanglement and the one induced by entanglement, hence to define the set of separable but non-classical states. Since all the relevant quantities in our approach, descend from the geometry structure of the projective Hilbert space, the proposed method is of general application. Finally, we apply the derived measures as an example to a general Bell diagonal state and to the Werner states, for which our regularization procedure is easily tractable.