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arXiv · 2205.13747

Inferring Quadrupolar Dynamo Mode from Sunspot Statistics

Leonid Kitchatinov
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Abstract

Observations of long-term north-south asymmetry in solar activity demand the equator-symmetric (quadrupolar) mode be present in the solar magnetic field in line with the dominant antisymmetric (dipolar) mode. This paper proposes treating the sunspot area as a proxy for subsurface toroidal magnetic flux to infer the quadrupolar mode of the solar dynamo from sunspot data. Toroidal pseudo-fluxes (PF) in the northern and southern hemispheres are defined as a signed sunspot area with plus or minus sign prescribed to them in accord with the Hale's sunspot polarity rules. Statistical correlation analysis and wavelet analysis of so-defined PFs reveal quadrupolar oscillations with a period of about 16 yr and amplitude of about 0.17 relative to the amplitude of the dominant 22-yr dipolar mode.

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Leonid Kitchatinov. 2022-05-27. Inferring Quadrupolar Dynamo Mode from Sunspot Statistics. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0016793222070143

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