Partial fraction decompositions, and semilinear representations of infinite symmetric groups

Abstract

Let $F|k$ be a non-trivial regular field extension, $S$ be an infinite (discrete) set, $G$ be the group of all permutations of $S$ endowed with the compact-open topology, $L$ be the fraction field of the tensor product over $k$ of the copies of $F$ labeled by $S$. The field $L$ is endowed with the natural $G$-action. For each $G$-invariant subfield $K$ of $L$, let $Sm_K$ denote the category of smooth (i.e. with open stabilizers) $K$-semilinear representations of $G$. The categories $Sm_K$ (especially, their simple and injective objects) are the principal object of the present study, though only in some particular cases. It is known that the indecomposable injective objects of the category $Sm_L$ are the $L$-exterior powers $L\langle\binom{S}{s}\rangle$ ($s\ge 0$) of the $L$-vector space with the basis $S$, while $L$ is the only simple object. It turns out that the objects $K\langle\binom{S}{s}\rangle$ are injective quite generally. Let $K=L^H\subset L$ be the fixed field of an algebraic automorphism $k$-group $H$ of $F|k$ acting on $L$ diagonally. The question is: what could be a relation (a kind of the Schur--Weyl duality) between representations of $H$ and the indecomposable injectives or simple objects of $Sm_K$? In this paper we consider several examples, where $H$ is either a subgroup of $PGL_{2,k}$ or a torus. In these examples: a) a natural bijection between the finite-dimensional simple objects of $Sm_K$ and the irreducible rational representations of $H$ is constructed; b) for $H\neq PGL_{2,k}$, the indecomposable injectives and the simple objects of $Sm_K$ are described completely. For $H=PGL_{2,k}$, an infinite list of infinite-dimensional simple objects is produced, which is shown to be complete if $F\neq k$; a system of indecomposable injective generators is described.